The working principle of mechanical punch press

The working principle of a mechanical punch press is mainly based on converting circular motion into linear motion and applying pressure to cause the material to undergo plastic deformation. The following is a detailed explanation of the working principle of mechanical punch press:
一、 Power transmission and conversion
1. Main motor drive: The mechanical punch press is powered by the main motor. After the main motor is started, it drives the flywheel to rotate.
2. Flywheel and gear transmission: The flywheel is connected to the small gear through a shaft, which in turn drives the rotation of the large gear. The large gear is connected to the crankshaft through a clutch.

3. Crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism: During the rotation of the crankshaft, the circular motion is converted into linear motion of the slider through the connecting rod mechanism. During this process, the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod achieves the up and down movement of the slider.

二、 Stamping process
1. Sliding block descent: Under the drive of the main shaft or crankshaft, the sliding block begins to descend. During this process, the speed and stroke of the slider can be controlled by adjusting the relevant mechanisms.
2. Apply pressure: When the slider descends to the mold area, pressure is applied to the material placed between the molds. This pressure causes the material to undergo plastic deformation, thereby obtaining the desired shape and accuracy.
3. Function of the mold: The mold is a key component in the punching process of a punch press. It is divided into an upper mold and a lower mold, with the material placed between the molds and deformed by the pressure provided by the machine. The shape and size of the mold determine the shape and size of the final product.
4. Reaction force absorption: During the stamping process, the force applied to the material will generate a reaction force. This reaction force is absorbed by the punching machine body, ensuring the stability and safety of the processing.
三、 Workflow cycle
1. Clutch engagement and disengagement: During the stamping process, the clutch is responsible for engaging and disengaging the transmission system. When stamping is required, the clutch engages, causing the flywheel to drive the crankshaft to rotate; After stamping is completed, the clutch disengages and the slider stops moving.
2. Sliding block return: After stamping is completed, the sliding block begins to return under the drive of the linkage mechanism. During this process, the speed and stroke of the slider can also be controlled by adjusting the relevant mechanisms.
3. Recurrent: The entire stamping process is a cyclical process. By controlling the engagement and disengagement of the clutch and the up and down movement of the slider, continuous or single stamping operations can be achieved.
In summary, the working principle of a mechanical punch press is to convert circular motion into linear motion and apply pressure to cause the material to undergo plastic deformation. In this process, power transmission, stamping process, and workflow cycle are three key links. mechanical punch press have the characteristics of high efficiency, precision, and stability, and are widely used in fields such as metal processing and automotive parts manufacturing.